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Mahabharata · Book 12 · Shanti Parva

Mahabharata, Book 12, Section CCVशान्तिपर्व

Kisari Mohan Ganguli’s English prose (1883–96), beside the Sanskrit of adhyāya 12.205.

205Sanskrit adhyāya 12.205 · Sanskrit source · English source

Sanskrit

पितामह महाप्राज्ञ दुःखशोकसमाकुले।
संसारचक्रे लोकानां निर्वेदो नास्ति किंन्विदम्।।
भीष्म उवाच।
अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम्।
निबन्धनस्य संवादं भोगवत्या नृपोत्तम।।
मुनिं निबन्धनं शुष्कं धमनीयाकृतिं तथा।
निरारम्भं निरालम्बमसज्जन्तं च कर्मणि।
पुत्रं दृष्ट्वाऽप्युवाचार्तं माता भोगवती तदा।।
उत्तिष्ठ मूढ किं शेषे निरपेक्षः सुहृज्जनैः।
निरालम्बो धनोपाये पैतृकं तव किं धनम्।।
निबन्धन उवाच।
पैतृकं मे महन्मातः सर्वदुःखालयं त्विह।
अस्त्येतत्तद्विधाताय यतिष्ये तत्र मा शुचः।।
इदं शरीरमत्युग्रं पित्रा दत्तमसंशयम्।
तमेव पितरं गत्वा धनं तिष्ठति शाश्वतम्।।
कश्चिन्महति संसारे वर्तमान---।
वनदुगमभिप्राप्तो महत्क्रव्या-----।।
सिंहव्याघ्रगजाकारैरतिघोरैर्महा-----।
समन्तात्सुपरिक्षिप्तं स दृष्ट्वा व्यथते पुमान्।।
स तद्वनं ह्यनुचरन्विप्रधावन्नितस्ततः।
वीक्षमाणो दिशः सर्वाः शरणार्थं प्रधावति।।
अथापश्यद्वनं रूढं समन्ताद्वागुरावृतम्।
वनमध्ये च तत्रासीदुदपानः समावृतः।।
वल्लिभिस्तृणसंछिन्नैर्गूढाभिरभिसंवृतः।
स पपात द्विजस्तत्र विजने सलिलाशये।।
विलग्नश्चाभवत्तस्मिँल्लतासन्तानसङ्कुले।
बाहुभ्यां संपरिष्वक्तस्तया परमसत्वया।।
स तथा लम्बते तत्र ऊर्ध्वपादो ह्यधश्शिराः।
अधस्तत्रैव जातश्च जम्बूवृक्षः सुदुस्तरः।।
कूपस्य तस्य वेलाया अपश्यत्सुमहाफलम्।
वृक्षं बहुविधं व्योमं वल्लीपुष्पसमाकुलम्।।
नानारूपा मधुकरास्तस्मिन्वुक्षऽभवन्किल।
तेषां मधूनां बहुधा धारा प्रववृते तदा।।
विलम्बमानः स पुमान्धारां पिबति सर्वदा।
न तस्य तृष्णा विरता पीयमानस्य संकटे।।
परीप्सति च तां नित्यमतृप्तः स पुनः पुनः।
एवं स वसते तत्र दुःखिदुःखी पुनः पुनः।।
मया तु तद्धनं देयं तव दास्यामि चेच्छसि।
तस्य च प्रार्थितः सोथ दत्वा मुक्तिमवाप सः।।
सा च त्यक्त्वाऽर्थसंकल्पं जगाम परमां गतिम्।।
एवं संसारचक्रस्य स्वरूपज्ञा नृपोत्तम।
परं वैराग्यमागम्य गच्छन्ति परमं पदम्।।
युधिष्ठिर उवाच।
एवं संसारचक्रस्य स्वरूपं विदितं न मे।
पैतृकं तु धनं प्रोक्तं किं तद्विद्वन्महात्मना।।
कान्तारमिति किं प्रोक्तं को हस्ती स तु कूपकः।
किंसंज्ञिको महावृक्षो मधु वाऽपि पितामह।।
एवं मे संशयं विद्धि धनशब्दं किमुच्यते।
कथं लब्धं धनं तेन तथा च किमिदं त्विह।।
भीष्म उवाच।
उपाख्यानमिदं सर्वं मोक्षविद्भिरुदाहृतम्।
सुमतिं विन्दते येन बन्धनाशश्च भारत।।
एतदुक्तं हि कान्तारं महान्संसार एव सः।
ये ते प्रतिष्ठिता व्याला व्याधयस्ते प्रकीर्तिताः।।
या सा नारी महाघोरा वर्णरूपविनाशिनी।
तामाहुश्च जरां प्राज्ञाः परिष्वक्तं यया जगत्।।
यस्तत्र कूपे वसते महाहिः काल एव सः।
यो वृक्षः स च मृत्युर्हि स्वकृतं तस्य तत्फलम्।।
ये तु कृष्णाः सिता राजन्मूषिका रात्र्यहानि वै।।
द्विषट्कपदसंयुक्तो यो हस्ती षण्मुखाकृतिः।
स च संवत्सरः प्रोक्तः पाशमासर्तवो मुखाः।।
एतत्संसारचक्रस्य स्वरूपं व्याहृतं मया।
एवं लब्धधनं राजंस्तत्स्वरूपं विनाशय।।
एतज्ज्ञात्वा तु सा राजन्परं वैराग्यमास्थिता।
यथोक्तविधिना भूयः परं पदमवाप सः।।
धत्ते धारयते चैव एतस्मात्कारणाद्धनम्।
तद्गच्छ चामृतं शुद्धं हिरण्यममृतं तपः।।
तत्स्वरूपो महादेवः कृष्णो देवकिनन्दनः।
तस्य प्रसादाद्दुःखस्य नाशं प्राप्स्यसि मानद।।
एकः कर्ता स कृष्णश्च ज्ञानिनां परमा गतिः।।
इदमाश्रित्य देवेन्द्रो देवा रुद्रास्तथाऽश्विनौ।
स्वेस्वे पदे विविशिरे भुक्तिमुक्तिविदो जनाः।।
भूतानामन्तरात्माऽसौ स नित्यपदसंवृतः।
श्रूयतामस्य सद्भावः सम्यग्ज्ञानं यथा तव।।
भवेदेतन्निबोध त्वं नारदाय पुरा हरिः।
दर्शयित्वाऽऽत्मनो रूपं यदवोचत्स्वयं विभुः।।
पुरा देवऋषिः श्रीमान्नारदः परमार्थवान्।
चचार पृथिवीं कृत्स्नां तीर्थान्यनुचरन्प्रभुः।।
हिमवत्पादमाश्रित्य विचार्य च पुनःपुनः।
स ददर्श ह्रदं तत्र पद्मोत्पलसमाकुलम्।।
ददर्श कन्यां तत्तीरे सर्वाभरणभूषिताम्।
शोभमानां श्रिया राजन्क्रीडन्तीमुत्पलैस्तथा।।
सा महात्मानमालोक्य नारदेत्याह भामिनी।
तस्याः समीपमासाद्य तस्थौ विस्मितमानसः।।
वीक्षमाणं तमाज्ञाय सा कन्या चारुवासिनी।
विजजृम्भे महाभागा स्मयमाना पुनः पुनः।।
तस्मात्समभवद्वक्रात्पुरुषाकृतिसंयुतः।
रत्नविन्दुचिताङ्गस्तु सर्वाभरणभूषितः।।
आदित्यसदृशाकारः शिरसा धारयन्मणिम्।
पुनरेव तदाकारसदृशः समजायत।।
तृतीयस्तु महाराज विविधाभरणैर्युतः।
प्रदक्षिणं तु तां कृत्वा विविधध्वनयस्तु ताम्।।
ततः सर्वेण विप्रर्षिः कन्यां पप्रच्छ तां शुभाम्।।
का त्वं परमकल्याणि पद्मेन्दुसदृशानने।
न जाने त्वां महादेवि ब्रूहि सत्यमनिन्दिते।।
कन्योवाच।
सावित्री नाम विप्रर्षे शृणु भद्रं तवास्तु वै।
किं करिष्यामि तद्ब्रूहि तव यच्चेतसि स्थितम्।।
नारद उवाच।
अभिवादये त्वां सावित्रि कृतार्थोऽहमनिन्दिते।
एतं मे संशयं देवि वक्तुमर्हसि शोभने।।
यस्तु वै प्रथमोत्पन्नः कोऽसौ स पुरुषाकृतिः।
बिन्दवस्तु महादेवि मूर्ध्नि ज्योतिर्मयाकृतिः।।
कन्योवाच।
अग्रजः प्रथमोत्पन्नो यजुर्वेदस्तथाऽपरः।
तृतीयः सामवेदस्तु संशयो व्येतु ते मुने।।
वेदाश्च बिन्दुसंयुक्ता यज्ञस्य फलसंश्रिताः।
यत्तद्दृष्टं महज्ज्योतिर्ज्योतिरित्युच्यते बुधैः।।
ऋषे ज्ञेयं मया चाऽपीत्युक्त्वा चान्तरधीयत।
ततः स विस्मयाविष्टो नारदः पुरुषर्षभ।
ध्यानयुक्तः स तु चिरं न बुबोध महामतिः।।
ततः स्नात्वा महातेजा वाग्यतो नियतेन्द्रियः।
तुष्टाव पुरुषव्याघ्रो जिज्ञासुश्च तदद्भुतम्।।
ततो वर्षशते पूर्णे भगवाँलोकभावनः।
प्रादुश्चकार विश्वात्मा ऋषेः परमसौहृदात्।।
तमागतं जगन्नाथं सर्वकारणकारणम्।
अखिलामरमौल्यङ्गरुक्मारुणपदद्वयम्।।
वैनतेयपदस्पर्शकिणशोभितजानुकम्।
पीताम्बरलसत्काञ्चीदामबद्धकटीतटम्।।
श्रीवत्सवक्षसं चारुमणिकौस्तुभकन्धरम्।
मन्दस्मितमुखाम्भोजं चलदायतलोचनम्।।
नम्रचापानुकरणनम्रभ्रूयुगशोभितम्।
नानारत्नमणीवज्रस्फुरन्मकरकुण्डलम्।।
इन्द्रनीलनिभासं तं केयूरमकुटोज्ज्वलम्।
देवैरिन्द्रपुरोगैश्च ऋषिसङघैरभिष्टुतम्।।
नारदो जयशब्देन ववन्दे शिरसा हरिम्।।
ततः स भगवाञ्श्रीमान्मेघगम्भीरया गिरा।
प्राहेशः सर्वभूतानां नारदं पतितं क्षितौ।।
भद्रमस्तु ऋषे तुभ्यं वरं वरय सुव्रत।
यत्ते मनसि सुव्यक्तमस्ति च प्रददामि तन्।।
स चेमं जयशब्देन प्रसीदेत्यातुरो मुनिः।
प्रोवाच हृदि संरूढं शङ्खचक्रगदाधरम्।।
विवक्षितं जगन्नाथ मया ज्ञातं त्वयाऽच्युत।
तत्प्रसीद हृषीकेश श्रोतुमिच्छामि तद्धरे।।
ततः स्मयन्महाविष्णुरभ्यभाषत नारदम्।
यद्दृष्टं मम रूपं तु वेदानां शिरसि त्वया।।
निर्द्वन्द्वा निरहंकाराः शुचयः शुद्धलोचनाः।
तं मां पश्यन्ति सततं तान्पृच्छ यदिहेच्छसि।।
ये योगिनो महाप्राज्ञा मदंशा ये व्यवस्थिताः।
तेषां प्रसादं देवर्षे मत्प्रसादमवैहि तत्।।
भीष्म उवाच।
इत्युक्त्वा स जगामाथ भगवान्भूतभावनः।
तस्माद्व्रज हृषीकेशं कृष्णं देवकिनन्दनम्।।
एतमाराध्य गोविन्दं गता मुक्तिं महर्षयः।
एष कर्ता विकर्ता च सर्वकारणकारणम्।।
मयाऽप्येतच्छ्रुतं राजन्नारदात्तु निबोध तत्।
स्वयमेव समाचष्ट नारदो भगवान्मुनिः।।
समस्तसंसारविघातकारणं
भजन्ति ये विष्णुमनन्यमानसाः।
ते यान्ति सायुज्यमतीव दुर्लभ
मितीव नित्यं हृदि वर्णयन्ति।।'
।। इति श्रीमन्महाभारते शान्तिपर्वणि
मोक्षधर्मपर्वणि पञ्चाधिकद्विशततमोऽध्यायः।। 205।।

English Ganguli

"'"Manu said, 'Upon the appearance of the physical and mental sorrow, one does not become able to practise yoga. It is advisable, therefore, for one not to brood over such sorrow. The remedy for sorrow is abstention from brooding over it. When sorrow is brooded over, it comes aggressively and increases in violence. One should relieve mental sorrow by wisdom, while physical sorrow should be cured by medicaments. Wisdom teaches this. One should not, while under sorrow, behave like a child. The man of wisdom should never cherish a desire for youth, beauty, length of life, accumulation of wealth, health, and the companionship of those that are dear, all of which are transitory. One should not grieve singly for a sorrow that affects a whole community. Without grieving, one should, if one sees an opportunity, seek to apply a remedy. Without doubt, the measure of sorrow is much greater than that of happiness in life. To one who is content with the objects of the senses, death that is disagreeable comes in consequence of his stupefaction. That man who avoids both sorrow and happiness succeeds verily in attaining to Brahma. Such persons, who are possessed of wisdom, have never to grieve.[691] Worldly possessions bring about sorrow. In protecting them thou canst not have any happiness. They are again earned with misery. One should not therefore, regard their loss.[692] Pure Knowledge (or Brahma) is regarded (by ignorance) as existing in the diverse forms that are objects of Knowledge. Know that mind is only an attribute of Knowledge. When the mind becomes united with the faculties of knowledge, then the Understanding (which bodies forth the forms of things) sets in.[693] When the Understanding, freed from the attributes of action, becomes directed towards the mind (after being withdrawn from outward objects), then does it succeed in knowing Brahma by meditation or Yoga ending in complete absorption (samadhi). The Understanding flowing from Ignorance, and possessed of the senses and attributes, runs towards external objects, like a river issuing from a mountain summit and flowing towards other regions. When the Understanding, withdrawn into the mind, succeeds in absorbing itself into contemplation that is free from attributes, it attains to a knowledge of Brahma like the touch of gold on a touchstone. The mind is the apprehender of the objects of the senses. It must first be extinguished (before Brahma can be attained). Dependent upon the attributes of objects that are before it, the mind can never show that which is without attributes. Shutting up all the doors constituted by the senses, the Understanding should be withdrawn into the mind. In this state, when absorbed in contemplation, it attains to the knowledge of Brahma. As the fivefold great creatures (in their gross form) upon the destruction of the attributes by which they are known, become withdrawn (into their subtile form called Tanmatra), after the same manner the Understanding may dwell in the mind alone, with the senses all withdrawn from their objects. When the Understanding, though possessed of the attribute of certainty, dwells in the mind, busied with the internal, even then it is nothing but the mind (without being anything superior to it). When the mind or consciousness, which attains to excellence through contemplation, succeeds in identifying attributes with what are considered as their possessors, then can it cast off all attributes and attain to Brahma which is without attributes.[694] There is no indication that is fit enough for yielding a knowledge of what is Unmanifest (Brahma). That which cannot form the subject of language, cannot be acquired by any one. With cleansed soul, one should seek to approach the Supreme Brahma, through the aid afforded by penances, by inferences, by self-restraint, by the practices and observances as laid down for one's own order, and by the Vedas. Persons of clear vision (besides seeing the Supreme within themselves), seek him in even external forms by freeing themselves from attributes. The Supreme, which is called by the name of Jneya (i.e., that which should be known), in consequence of the absence of all attributes or of its own nature, can never be apprehended by argument. When the Understanding becomes freed from attributes, then only it can attain to Brahma. When unemancipated from attributes, it falls back from the Supreme. Indeed, such is the nature of the understanding that it rushes towards attributes and moves among them like fire among fuel. As in the state called Sushupti (deep and dreamless slumber) the five senses exist freed from their respective functions, after the same manner the Supreme Brahma exists high above Prakriti, freed from all its attributes. Embodied creatures thus betake themselves to action in consequence of attributes. When they abstain therefrom, they attain to Emancipation. Some again (by action) go to heaven. The living creature, primordial nature, the understanding, the objects of the senses, the senses, consciousness, conviction of personal identity, are called creatures (for they are subjected to destruction). The original creation of all these flowed from the Supreme. Their second or succeeding creation is due to the action of couples or pairs (of opposite sexes) and is confined to all things save the primal five, and is restrained by laws in consequence of which the same species produce the same species. From righteousness (living) creatures obtain a high end, and from sinfulness they earn an end that is low. He who is unemancipated from attachments, encounters rebirth; while he who is emancipated therefrom, attains to Knowledge (or Brahma).'"'"

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English: Kisari Mohan Ganguli, The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, translated into English Prose from the Original Sanskrit Text (Calcutta: Bharata Press, 1883–1896), public domain. Transcription: Project Gutenberg #15474, #15475, #15476, #15477 (from the sacred-texts.com scan, J. B. Hare / Distributed Proofreaders). Sanskrit: Sanskrit Wikisource. The ancient text is public domain; Wikisource page text is shared under CC BY-SA 4.0.