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Mahabharata · Book 1 · Adi Parva

Mahabharata, Book 1, Section XCII: Sambhava Parvaआदिपर्व

Kisari Mohan Ganguli’s English prose (1883–96), beside the Sanskrit of adhyāya 1.92.

92Sanskrit adhyāya 1.92 · Sanskrit source · English source

Sanskrit

वैशंपायन उवाच।
ततो गच्छन्महाबाहुरेकोऽमात्यान्विसृज्य तान्।
नापश्यच्चाश्रमे तस्मिंस्तमृषिं संशितव्रतम्।।
सोऽपश्यमानस्तमृषिं शून्यं दृष्ट्वा तथाऽऽश्रमम्।
उवाच क इहेत्युच्चैर्वनं सन्नादयन्निव।।
श्रुत्वाऽथ तस्य तं शब्दं कन्या श्रीरिव रूपिणी।
निश्चक्रामाश्रमात्तस्मात्तापसीवेषधारिणी।।
सा तं दृष्ट्वैव राजानं दुष्यन्तमसितेक्षणा।
`सुप्रीताऽभ्यागतं तं तु पूज्यं प्राप्तमथेश्वरम्।।
रूपयौवनसंपन्ना शीलाचारवती शुभा।
सा तमायतपद्माक्षं व्यूढोरस्कं महाभुजम्।।
सिंहस्कन्धं दीर्घबाहुं सर्वलक्षणपूजितम्।
स्पृष्टं मधुरया वाचा साऽब्रवीज्जनमेजया।।'
स्वागतं त इति क्षिप्रमुवाच प्रतिपूज्य च।
आसनेनार्चयित्वा च पाद्येनार्घ्येण चैव हि।।
पप्रच्छानामयं राजन्कुशलं च नराधिपम्।
यथावदर्चयित्वाऽथ पृष्ट्वा चानामयं तदा।।
उवाच स्मयमानेव किं कार्यं क्रियतामिति।
`आश्रमस्याभिगमने किं त्वं कार्यं चिकीर्षसि।।
कस्त्वमद्येह संप्राप्तो महर्षेराश्रमं शुभम्।'
तामब्रवीत्ततो राजा कन्यां मधुरभाषिणीम्।।
दृष्ट्वा सर्वानवद्याङ्गीं यथावत्प्रतिपूजितः।
`राजर्षेस्तस्य पुत्रोऽहमिलिनस्य महात्मनः।।
दुष्यन्त इति मे नाम सत्यं पुष्करलोचने।
आगतोऽहं महाभागमृषिं कण्वमुपासितुम्।।
क्व गतो भगवान्भद्रे गन्ममाचक्ष्व शोभने।
शकुन्तलोवाच।
गतः पिता मे भगवान्फलान्याहर्तुमाश्रमात्।
मुहूर्तं संप्रतीक्षस्व द्रष्टास्येनमुपागतम्।।
वैशंपायन उवाच।
अपश्यमानस्तमृषिं तथा चोक्तस्तया च सः।
तां दृष्ट्वा च वरारोहां श्रीमतीं चारुहासिनीम्।।
विभ्राजमानां वपुषा तपसा च दमेन च।
रूपयौवनसंपन्नामित्युवाच महीपतिः।।
का त्वं कस्यासि सुश्रोणि किमर्थं चागता वनम्।
एवंरूपगुणोपेता कुतस्त्वमसि शोभने।।
दर्शनादेव हि शुभे त्वया मेऽपहृतं मनः।
इच्छामि त्वामहं ज्ञातुं तन्ममाचक्ष्व शोभने।।
`स्थितोस्म्यमितसौभाग्ये विवक्षुश्चास्मि किंचन।
शृणु मे नागनासोरु वचनं मत्तकाशिनि।।
राजर्षेरन्वये जातः पूरोरस्मि विशेषतः।
वृण्वे त्वामद्य सुश्रोणि दुष्यन्तो वरवर्णिनि।।
न मेऽन्यत्र क्षत्रियाया मनो जातु प्रवर्तते।
ऋषिपुत्रीषु चान्यासु नावरासु परासु च।।
तस्मात्प्रणिहितात्मानं विद्दि मां कलभाषिणि।
यस्यां मे त्वयि भावोऽस्ति क्षत्रिया ह्यसि का वदा।।
न हि मे भीरु विप्रायां मनः प्रसहते गतिम्।
भजे त्वामायतापाङ्गे भक्तं भजितुमर्हसि।
भुङ्क्ष राज्यं विशालाक्षि बुद्धिं मात्वन्यथा कृथाः'।।
एवमुक्ता तु सा कन्या तेन राज्ञा तमाश्रमे।
उवाच हसती वाक्यमिदं सुमधुराक्षरम्।।
कण्वस्याहं भगवतो दुष्यन्त दुहिता मता।
तपस्विनो धृतिमतो धर्मज्ञस्य महात्मनः।।
`अस्वतन्त्रास्मि राजेन्द्र काश्यपो मे गुरुः पिता।
तमेव प्रार्थय स्वार्थं नायुक्तं कर्तुमर्हसि।।'
दुष्यन्त उवाच।
ऊर्ध्वरेता महाभागे भगवाँल्लोकपूजितः।
चलेद्धि वृत्ताद्धर्मोपि न चलेत्संशितव्रतः।।
कथं त्वं तस्य दुहिता संभूता वरवर्णिनी।
संशयो मे महानत्र तन्मे छेत्तुमिहार्हसि।।
शकुन्तलोवाच।
यथाऽयमागमो मह्यं यथा चेदमभूत्पुरा।
`अन्यथा सन्तमात्मानमन्यथा सत्सु भाषते।।
स पापेनावृतो मूर्खस्तेन आत्मापहारकः।'
शृणु राजन्यथातत्त्वं यथाऽस्मि दुहिता मुनेः।।
ऋषिः कश्चिदिहागम्य मम जन्माभ्यचोदयत्।
`ऊर्ध्वरेता यथासि त्वं कुतस्त्वेयं शकुन्तला।।
पुत्री त्वत्तः कथं जाता तत्त्वं मे ब्रूहि काश्यप।'
तस्मै प्रोवाच भगवान्यथा तच्छृणु पार्थिवा।।
कण्व उवाच।
तप्यमानः किल पुरा विश्वामित्रो महत्तपः।
सुभृशं तापयामास शक्रं सुरगणेश्वरम्।।
तपसा दीप्तवीर्योऽयं स्थानान्मां च्यावयेदिति।
भीतः पुरन्दरस्तस्मान्मेनकामिदमब्रवीत्।।
गुणैरप्सरसां दिव्यैर्मेनके त्वं विशिष्यसे।
श्रेयो मे कुरु कल्याणि यत्त्वां वक्ष्यामि तच्छृणु।।
असावादित्यशङ्काशो विश्वामित्रो महातपाः।
तप्यमानस्तपो घोरं मम कम्पयते मनः।।
मेनके तव भारोऽयं विश्वामित्रः सुमध्यमे।
शंसितात्मा सुदुर्धर्ष उग्रे तपसि वर्तते।।
स मां न च्यावयेत्स्थानात्तं वै गत्वा प्रलोभय।
चर तस्य तपोविघ्नं कुरु मे प्रियमुत्तमम्।।
रूपयौवनमाधुर्यचेष्टितस्मितभाषणैः।
लोभयित्वा वरारोहे तपसस्तं निवर्तय।।
मेनकोवाच।
महातेजाः स भगवांस्तथैव च महातपाः।
कोपनश्च तथा ह्येनं जानाति भगवानपि।।
तेजस्तपसश्चैव कोपस्य च महात्मनः।
त्वमप्युद्विजसे यस्य नोद्विजेयमहं कथम्।।
महाभागं वसिष्ठं यः पुत्रैरिष्टैर्व्ययोजयत्।
क्षत्रजातश्च यः पूर्वमभवद्ब्राह्मणो बलात्।।
शौचार्थं यो नदीं चक्रे दुर्गमां बहुभिर्जलैः।
यां तां पुण्यतमां लोके कौशिकीति विदुर्जनाः।।
बभार यत्रास्य पुरा काले दुर्गे महात्मनः।
दारान्मतङ्गो धर्मात्मा राजर्षिर्व्याधतां गतः।।
अतीतकाले दुर्भिक्षे अभ्येत्य पुनराक्षमम्।
मुनिः पारेति नद्या वै नाम चक्रे तदा प्रभुः।।
मतङ्गं याजयाञ्चक्रे यत्र प्रीतमनाः स्वयम्।
त्वं च सोमं भयाद्यस्य गतः पातुं सुरेश्वर।।
चकारान्यं च लोकं वै क्रुद्धो नक्षत्रसंपदा।
प्रतिश्रवणपूर्वाणि नक्षत्राणि चकार यः।
गुरुशापहतस्यापि त्रिशङ्कोः शरणं ददौ।।
ब्रह्मर्षिशापं राजर्षिः कथं मोक्ष्यति कौशिकः।
अवमत्य तदा देवैर्यज्ञाङ्गं तद्विनाशितम्।।
अन्यानि च महातेजा यज्ञाङ्गान्यसृजत्प्रभुः।
निनाय च तदा स्वर्गं त्रिशङ्कुं स महातपाः।।
एतानि यस्य कर्माणि तस्याहं भृशमुद्विजे।
यथाऽसौ न दहेत्क्रुद्धस्तथाऽऽज्ञापय मां विभो।।
तेजसा निर्दहेल्लोकान्कम्पयेद्धरणीं पदा।
संक्षिपेच्च महामेरुं तूर्णमावर्तयेद्दिशः।।
तादृशं तपसा युक्तं प्रदीप्तमिव पावकम्।
कथमस्मद्विधा नारी जितेन्द्रियमभिस्पृशेत्।।
हुताशनमुखं दीप्तं सूर्यचन्द्राक्षितारकम्।
कालजिह्वं सुरश्रेष्ठ कथमस्मद्विधा स्पृशेत्।।
यमश्च सोमश्च महर्षयश्च
साध्या विश्वे वालस्विल्याश्च सर्वे।
एतेऽपि यस्योद्विजन्ते प्रभावा-
त्तस्मात्कस्मान्मादृशी नोद्विजेत।।
त्वयैवमुक्ता च कथं समीप-
मृषेर्न गच्छेयमहं सुरेन्द्र।
रक्षां च मे चिन्तय देवराज
यथा त्वदर्थं रक्षिताऽहं चरेयम्।।
कामं तु मे मारुतस्तत्र वासः
प्रक्रीडिताया विवृणोतु देव।
भवेच्च मे मन्मथस्तत्र कार्ये
सहायभूतस्तु तव प्रसादात्।।
वनाच्च वायुः सुरभिः प्रवाया-
त्तस्मिन्काले तमृषिं लोभयन्त्याः।
तथेत्युक्त्वा विहिते चैव तस्मिं-
स्ततो ययौ साऽऽश्रमं कौशिकस्य।।
।। इति श्रीमन्महाभारते आदिपर्वणि
संभवपर्वणि द्विनवतितमोऽध्यायः।। 92 ।।

English Ganguli

“Ashtaka asked, ‘Who amongst these, O king, both exerting constantly like the Sun and the Moon, first attaineth to communion with Brahma, the ascetic or the man of knowledge?’

“Yayati answered, ‘The wise, with the help of the Vedas and of Knowledge, having ascertained the visible universe to be illusory, instantly realises the Supreme Spirit as the sole existent independent essence. While they that devote themselves to Yoga meditation take time to acquire the same knowledge, for it is by practice alone that these latter divest themselves of the consciousness of quality. Hence the wise attain to salvation first. Then again if the person devoted to Yoga find not sufficient time in one life to attain success, being led astray by the attractions of the world, in his next life he is benefited by the progress already achieved, for he devoteth himself regretfully to the pursuit of success. But the man of knowledge ever beholdeth the indestructible unity, and, is, therefore, though steeped in worldly enjoyments, never affected by them at heart. Therefore, there is nothing to impede his salvation. He, however, who faileth to attain to knowledge, should yet devote himself to piety as dependent on action (sacrifices &c.). But he that devoteth himself to such piety, moved thereto by desire of salvation, can never achieve success. His sacrifices bear no fruit and partake of the nature of cruelty. Piety which is dependent on action that proceedeth not from the desire of fruit, is, in case of such men Yoga itself.’

“Ashtaka said, ‘O king, thou lookest like a young man; thou art handsome and decked with a celestial garland. Thy splendour is great! Whence dost thou come and where dost thou go? Whose messenger art thou? Art thou going down into the Earth?’

“Yayati said, ‘Fallen from heaven upon the loss of all my religious merits, I am doomed to enter the Earth-hell. Indeed, I shall go there after I have finished my discourse with you. Even now the regents of the points of the universe command me to hasten thither. And, O king, I have obtained it as a boon from Indra that though fall I must upon the earth, yet I should fall amidst the wise and the virtuous. Ye are all wise and virtuous that are assembled here.’

“Ashtaka said, ‘Thou art acquainted with everything. I ask thee, O king, are there any regions for myself to enjoy in heaven or in the firmament? If there be, then, thou shalt not fall, though falling.’

“Yayati answered, ‘O king, there are as many regions for thee to enjoy in heaven even as the number of kine and horses on Earth with the animals in the wilderness and on the hills.’

“Ashtaka said, ‘If there are worlds for me to enjoy, as fruits of my religious merits, in heaven, O king, I give them all unto thee. Therefore, though falling, thou shalt not fall. O, take thou soon all those, wherever they be, in heaven or in the firmament. Let thy sorrow cease.’

“Yayati answered, ‘O best of kings, a Brahma-knowing Brahmana alone can take in gift, but not one like ourselves. And, O monarch, I myself have given away to Brahmanas as one should. Let no man who, is not a Brahmana and let not the wife of a learned Brahmana ever live in infamy by accepting gifts. While on earth, I ever desired to perform virtuous acts. Having never done so before, how shall I now accept a gift?’

“Pratardana who was amongst them asked, ‘O thou of the handsomest form, I am Pratardana by name. I ask thee if there are any worlds for me to enjoy as fruits of my religious merits, in heaven or the firmament? Answer me, thou art acquainted with everything.’

“Yayati said, ‘O king, numberless worlds, full of felicity, effulgent like the solar disc, and where woe can never dwell, await thee. If thou dwellest in each but for seven days, they would not yet be exhausted.’

“Pratardana said, ‘These then I give unto thee. Therefore, though falling, thou must not fall. Let the worlds that are mine be thine, whether they be in the firmament or heaven. O, soon take them. Let thy woes cease.’

“Yayati answered, ‘O monarch, no king of equal energy should ever desire to receive as gift the religious merits of another king acquired by Yoga austerities. And no king who is afflicted with calamity through the fates should, if wise, act in a censurable way. A king keeping his eye fixed for ever on virtue should walk along the path of virtue like myself and, knowing what his duties are, should not act so meanly as thou directest. When others desirous of acquiring religious merits do not accept gifts, how can I do what they themselves do not? On the conclusion of this speech, that best of kings, Yayati, was then addressed by Vasumat in the following words.’”

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English: Kisari Mohan Ganguli, The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, translated into English Prose from the Original Sanskrit Text (Calcutta: Bharata Press, 1883–1896), public domain. Transcription: Project Gutenberg #15474, #15475, #15476, #15477 (from the sacred-texts.com scan, J. B. Hare / Distributed Proofreaders). Sanskrit: Sanskrit Wikisource. The ancient text is public domain; Wikisource page text is shared under CC BY-SA 4.0.