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Buddhist shelf · Pali Canon · Jātaka 236 · Dukanipāta · Upāhanavagga

BakajātakaJātaka 236 · Volume 2, translated by W. H. D. Rouse (1895)

Public domain. W. H. D. Rouse’s translation was published in 1895. The Pali is the Mahāsaṅgīti edition published by SuttaCentral under CC0. The canonical Pali Jātaka consists of the verses only (2 verses here); the prose story around them comes from the later commentary, which the English translates in full. So the verses are shown beside the whole English story, not verse by verse.

Pali verses

“Bhaddako vatayaṁ pakkhī,
dijo kumudasannibho;
Vūpasantehi pakkhehi,
mandamandova jhāyati”.

“Nāssa sīlaṁ vijānātha,
anaññāya pasaṁsatha;
Amhe dijo na pāleti,
tena pakkhī na phandatī”ti.

English Rouse 1895

"See that twice-born bird," etc.--This story the Master told while staying in Jetavana, about a hypocrite. When he was brought before the Master, the Master said, "Brethren, he was a hypocrite of old just as he is now," and told the following story.


[234] Once on a time, when Brahmadatta was king of Benares, the Bodhisatta became a Fish in a certain pond in the Himalaya region, and a great shoal went with him. Now a Crane desired to eat the fish. So in a place near the pond he drooped his head, and spread out his wings, and looked vacantly, vacantly at the fish, waiting till they were off their guard 1. At the same moment the Bodhisatta with his shoal came to that place in search of food. And the shoal of fish on seeing the crane uttered the first stanza:--

"See that twice-born 2 bird, how white--
Like a water-lily seeming;
Wings outspread to left and right--
Oh, how pious! dreaming, dreaming!"

Then the Bodhisatta looked, and uttered the second stanza:

"What he is ye do not know,
Or you would not sing his praises.
He is our most treacherous foe;
That is why no wing he raises."

Thereupon the fish splashed in the water and drove the crane away.


When this discourse was ended, the Master identified the Birth:--"This hypocrite was the Crane, and I was the chief of the shoal of fish."

Translator’s notes (2)

p. 162, n. 1 A crane's sleep" is an Indian proverb for trickery.

p. 162, n. 2 dijo is used of a bird as born in the egg and from the egg. It is also applied to Brahmins, and so conveys an additional notion of piety.

English source

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English: The Jātaka, or Stories of the Buddha’s Former Births, translated from the Pali by various hands under the editorship of E. B. Cowell, 6 volumes (Cambridge University Press, 1895; London: Luzac & Co. for the Pali Text Society, 1897–1907), public domain. Transcription: Internet Sacred Text Archive (public-domain file; credit link requested by the archive). Numbers in square brackets in the English are the pages of V. Fausbøll’s Pali edition (1877–1896), from which the translation was made. Pali text: Mahāsaṅgīti edition via SuttaCentral, CC0.